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Alpha Gal Syndrome: An Emerging Tick-Borne Illness

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What is Alpha Gal Syndrome?

** Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is a rare allergic reaction to a sugar molecule called alpha-gal, which is found in the meat of mammals. This reaction can occur after a bite from a Lone Star tick, which is common in the southeastern United States. **

Symptoms of Alpha Gal Syndrome

** Symptoms of AGS typically develop within 3-6 hours after eating mammalian meat. They may include: * Hives or other skin reactions * Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea * Shortness of breath or wheezing * Dizziness or fainting * Anaphylaxis (in severe cases) **

Diagnosis and Treatment of Alpha Gal Syndrome

** AGS is diagnosed based on a combination of symptoms, a history of tick bites, and a blood test to detect antibodies against alpha-gal. There is no cure for AGS, but symptoms can be managed by: * Avoiding mammalian meat * Carrying an epinephrine auto-injector in case of allergic reactions * Taking antihistamines and other medications as prescribed by a doctor **

Prevalence and Impact of Alpha Gal Syndrome

** AGS has become increasingly common in recent years, especially in the southeastern United States. It is estimated that as many as 1 in 10,000 people may have the condition. AGS can have a significant impact on individuals' lives, as they must be extremely vigilant about avoiding mammalian meat. **

Research and Future Directions

** Research is ongoing to better understand AGS, develop more effective diagnostic and treatment options, and investigate the role of Lone Star ticks in its transmission. Scientists are also working on potential vaccines to prevent AGS. **

Additional Resources

** * [American Association for Alpha-Gal (Alpha-Gal Alliance)](https://www.alphagalalliance.org/) * [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Alpha-Gal Syndrome](https://www.cdc.gov/ticks/alpha-gal/) * [National Institutes of Health (NIH): Alpha-Gal Syndrome](https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/alphagal/conditioninfo/Pages/default.aspx)

Alpha Gal Syndrome